Rug and pile fabric manufacture



July 21, 1936. B. sPEsso.

RUG AND PILE ,fiABRIc MANUFACTURE Filed A E-i1 27, 1934 Patented July21, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE RUG AND PILE FABRIC MANUFACTUREBasilia Spesso, Turin, Italy Application April 2'1, 1934, Serial No.722,609

In Italy May 6, 1933 3 Claims. (c1. 112-1) carried out as if the rodwere to be sewn to the canvas, without, however, tightening thesuccessive loops thus formed. The rod is then slipped off leaving a'tubeformed by the successive loops of thread. This tube is cut forming thepilewhich is fixed to the canvas by machine-sewn stitches. Thesestitches can be sewn, after cutting the tube, between the two pile rows,or they can be sewn before cutting the tube laterally of and at the rootof the loops. It is preferable to sew two rows of stitches to fix thepile safely.

In carrying out this process ithas been found that the work can be muchexpedited by employing arod of a much larger section than would benecessary to obtain the desired pile height; it

is thus possible, once the tube of large-sized successive loops has beenformed, to sew by means of the sewing machine at least one middle row ofstitches thus forming two rows of loops of the suitable size to obtainthe desired pile height,

these stitches fixing at the same time the pile. The two tubular rows ofloops thus formed and fixed are cut and the same result is obtainedwhich necessitated two operations with the former process.

Consequently, by employing a rod of such size as to allow of twointermediate rows of stitches enabling the formation of three tubularrows of loops, the work obtained from one row of loops is three times asmuch as compared with the first mentioned process, and so on, as thenumber of rows of machine stitches increases.

The process according to this invention is carried out rapidly andefiiciently by means of a device consisting of two rods which can beunited to form a fork provided "with a handle at one end, these rodsbeing introduced into the largesized loop tube as soon as it is formed,whereupon they are spread apart by means of a suitable spacing member attheir free end. The stitches are sewn on the sewing-machine in the spacebetween the two rods which, keep the largesized loops flat andstretched. The needle is thus guided and the work proceeds rapidly andefliciently.

To facilitate the introduction of the fork a suitable pointed ,cap isfitted on the free ends of the rods and is removed when the fork hasbeen placed in position for fitting the aforesaid spacing member on thefree rod end. 7 l

The accompanying drawing shows by way of example and diagrammaticallythree modes of carrying out the process according to this invention andthe devices therefor.

Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the procl0 ess at the end ofthree successive stages, namely formation of the loops, having therequired size for giving thedesired pile height, cutting the loopslengthwise and sewing the central row of stitches.

Figure 2 shows also in a perspective view another mode of carrying outthe process in which the row of stitchesare sewn laterally of and at theroot of the loops and the tube of loops can be out before or aftersewing the stitches. 20

Figure 3 shows the higher emciency process in which one middle row ofstitches forms from a large-sized loop tube made with the use of a largerod, two tubes of adjacent loops which are safely fixed to the canvas bythe stitches, and 25 are cut lengthwise to form the pile.

Figures 4 and 5 show the device employed in carrying out the processaccording to Figure 3 to stretch the tube of loops and guide the centralrow of stitches. 30

Figure 6 shows a modified form of the device.

Figure 7 is a view, similar to-- Figure 3, of a modification in whichthe loop tube is fixed to the basefabric by a plurality of parallel rowsof stitches instead of by only one. I 35 As shown in Figure 1,- the workis executed by employing a canvas I, a rod I I of suitable size whichisheld against the canvas and a needle in the eye of which the yarn ofthe desired color is passed. 40

By means of the needle I! successive loops 2 are formed about the rod lI and through the canvas I and when the rod is removed a tube of loopsis fixed to the canvas. This tube of loops is out along the uppergeneratrix and opened and the tufts thus formed projecting from thecanvas are fixed by a row of machine-sewn stitches 3 passing through thepile root. By employing successively threads of different colors fordetermined 50 groups of loops any desired pattern can be obtained. Thepile height depends upon the section of the rod ll used.

In the modification shown in Figure 2, the row of stitches 31 are sewnlaterally of and at the root 55 of the loop tube and the tube can be outbefore or after sewing.

In the modification shown in Figure 3, a rod ll of larger size isemployed and a tube 4' of larger loops is formed from which two adjacenttubes 41 42 -are obtained by sewing an intermediate row of stitches 5 onthe loops. This row of stitches besides forming two tubes from onelarger-sized tube secures to the canvas the pile obtained by cutting thetop of the two tubes of loops.

In another modification, shown in Figure 7, the loop tube is appliedtothe base fabric I in the manner described above, and is flattenedagainst said fabric and fixed thereto by means of two parallel rows ofstitches II and I 2, of which one is made on the row of loop roots. Thetube is thereby subdivided into three regions l3, l4 and I5, Theintermediate region I5 is out along the middle line between the rows ofstitches H and I2 and the lateral regions l3 and I4 are cut along thefree edge.

In sewing the middle row 01 stitches I preferably make use -of a forkconsisting (Figures 5 and 6) of two rods 6 of which one end is connectedby a handle 1 which facilitates the operation thereof, and the other endis free.

When the large-sized tube of loops has been formed, a cap] shown inFigure 5 is fitted on the free ends of the fork. This cap draws togetherthe free ends of the rods 6 of the fork and allows of a prompt and easyintroduction of the latter into the tube of loops.

When the fork is fully introduced, the cap 1 is removed and replaced bythe spacing member 8 which spreads apart the rods 6 as shown in Fig. 4.It is thus possible to sew easily and rapidly the row of stitches toform the two tubes of loops.

Instead of the fork shown in Figures 4 and 5, I may employ the deviceshown in Figure 6 consisting of two independent rods 61 which may besuperposed to. allow of an easy introduction into into the tube of loopsand, once they have been introduced, are kept in place at the necessarydistance to flatten and stretch the loops by means of the spacingmembers 9 and Hi.

What I claim is:

1. Process for the 'manufacure of carpets by 6 hand without the use of aloom, comprising applying against a base fabric a rod, forming aboutsaid rod a helical winding of pile thread, passing said pile thread ateach turn through said base fabric, removing the rod from said winding,cutting the turns along a line midway between the lines at which thewound thread penetrates the base fabric, and fixing said turns to thebase fabric by stitches along the root of the turns.

2. Process for the manufacture of carpets by hand without'the use of aloom, comprising app1y ing against a base fabric a rod of which thecross section is ofa peripheral length which is a multiple of the pilelength, forming about said rod a continuous winding of pile thread,passing the pile thread at each turn through the base fabric, removingthe rod from said winding, flattening said winding against the basefabric, sewing a row of stitches along the middle line of the fiattenedwinding, and cutting the two tubular portions thus formed along a linemidway between the lines at which the wound thread penetrates the basefabric.

3. Process for the manufacture of carpets by hand without the use of aloom, comprising applying against a base fabric a rod of which the crosssection is of a peripheral length which is a multiple of the pilelength, forming about said rod a continuous winding of pile thread,passing the pile thread at each turn through the base fabric, removingthe rod from said winding, flattening said winding against the basefabric, sewing a plurality of parallel lonigtudinal rows of stitches onsaid flattened winding to form a' plurality of tubular portions side byside and cutting said tubular portions along middle lines between thesewing lines.

BASILIA SPESSO.

